NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT
In 1915, Mahatma Gandhi came to India from South Africa. At that time the First World War was going on. Gandhiji requested the Indians to give full cooperation to the British in this hour of crisis. As a result, the Indians helped the British government in every way. Pleased with this help, the government honored Mahatma Gandhi with the title of ‘Kesar-e-Hind’. Gandhi ji thought that after the victory in the war, the British would definitely give independence to India, but his assumption turned out to be wrong. The British government gave the gift of Rowlatt Act to the Indians instead of Swarajya. Gandhiji was deeply hurt by the Jallianwala massacre and the injustice done to Turkey. As a result, Gandhi was forced to launch a non-cooperation movement against the British Government in 1920. This movement was the first and effective movement against the British Government in the history of the Indian National Movement after 1857 AD. As a result, the foundation of the British Empire in India was shaken.
Causes
There were many main reasons for starting the non-cooperation movement by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 AD. Their brief description is as follows-
1. Disappointment with the Act of 1919 CE —
Indians were deeply disappointed with the reforms implemented in India by the British Government by passing the Act of 1919 CE. The reason for this was that he had full hope that by this act arrangements would be made to give Swarajya to the Indians. But far from giving self-rule, it did not even convince him. As a result, this act dashed the hopes of the Indians. Nehru ji ridiculed this act by calling it the first installment of Swarajya. Tilak used to say, “We have been given the morning without the sun.” Gandhiji was very disappointed by this act. In the words of Mrs Annie Besant,
“Neither for England to give such an Act, nor for India to accept it, was it a good thing.”
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